Necessary and Proportionate
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2017 年 10 月俄罗斯联邦向联合国大会呈递了一封信，内含《联合国打击网络犯罪合作公约》（草案），拟向成员国分发。 2019 年 11 月由俄罗斯、白俄罗斯、柬埔寨、中国、伊朗、缅甸、尼加拉瓜、叙利亚和委内瑞拉共同发起的一项旨在建立打击网络犯罪的国际公约的决议在联合国大会上获得通过。该决议遭到了美国、欧盟和其他国家的反对。包括进步通讯协会和电子前沿基金会 (EFF) 在内的人权组织敦促联合国大会投票反对这项决议，理由是，担心它“可能会削弱互联网在行使人权和促进社会与经济发展中的作用”。 2019 年 12 月联合国大会通过了一项决议，成立了特设委员会 (AHC)，负责起草有关“打击将信息和通信技术用于犯罪目的”的联合国公约。 AHC 的招募向全球所有成员国以及不同层级的非成员观察员国（如欧盟和欧洲理事会）、民间团体和非政府组织 (NGO) 开放。联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室 (UNODC) 通过条约事务司有组织犯罪和非法贩运处担任特设委员会的秘书处。然而，这项举措的时机存在争议，因为联合国大会的另一项大会决议提出了对网络犯罪法“在某些情况下遭到滥用，以针对人权维护者，或以违反国际法的方式阻碍他们的工作并危及他们的安全”的担忧。 2020 年 8 月由于新冠疫情，AHC 将原定在纽约举行的首轮组织会议推迟到 2021 年。 2021 年 1 月人权观察组织警告称，联合国成员国正在启动一项网络犯罪公约的进程，该公约的“支持者是世界上一些最为专制的政府……该举措引起了严重的人权问题。” 2021 年 5 月AHC 召开首轮组织会议，来自 160 多个国家的代表就谈判大纲和方式达成一致。AHC 呼吁，从...
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Brazil’s biggest internet connection providers made moderate advances in protecting customer data and being transparent about their privacy practices, but fell short on meeting certain requirements for upholding users’ rights under Brazil's data protection law, according to InternetLab’s 2022 Quem Defende Seus Dados? (Who Defends Your Data?) report. In...
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Since the new UN cybercrime treaty began to take shape in 2022, EFF has been fighting on behalf of users to make sure content-based crimes are excluded from the Treaty, and robust human rights safeguards and rule of law standards are the basis of any final product.There’s a lot...
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In 2022, cyber-attacks on government databases and systems broke into headlines in several Latin American countries. These attacks have exposed government systems’ vulnerabilities—including sometimes basic ones, like failing to keep software updated with critical patches—and shown how attacks can affect government data, services, and infrastructure. On the other hand, they...
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In a new round of talks this week to formulate a UN Cybercrime Treaty, EFF is calling for strictly limiting the scope of the convention’s international cooperation provisions and safeguards to ensure that states respect human rights when responding to legal assistance requests.EFF is among a group of...
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Protect digital privacy and free expression. EFF's public interest legal work, activism, and software development preserve fundamental rights.
